Hi Aleksandrus;
You need the 1.0.4 firmware version, go to your IDE -> Help -> Galileo Firmware Update. (I'm not sure if you were talking about that version).
It seems that you followed correctly the steps to install Ubilinux. I've never used the Elementary O.S, maybe you could upgrade the drivers, we could try doing that. After that, verify that you can see the port in you PC. If it still doesn't works, you could try doing again the tutorial from scratch. Let me know if after doing these things you are able to interact with your board.
Regards;
CMata